It’s much easier to communicate when you know the correct terms for the parts of the ukulele. Once you start getting into setups or shopping for different instruments, you’ll start hearing proper terminology that might be confusing.
Here you’ll find the parts of a uke labeled and identified.
The Body Parts of the Ukulele
The body is the wooden soundbox made up of the back, top, and sides. This is the main sound-creating part of the ukulele. These pieces of wood work together to project the sound out of the instrument.
Usually the body of an ukulele has an upper bout and a lower bout. These bouts are the widest points across the curve of a uke and give it its distinctive shape. The lower bout can be thought of as the “hips” and the upper bout as the “shoulders.”
Top
The soundboard is the top of the body of an ukulele. It’s what the audience sees as you play. It holds the bridge and is what vibrates to create sound waves.
Sound Hole
The sound hole is a (usually) circular cut made in the top to let sound vibrations out of the body chamber. Traditional build styles have the sound hole located in the center of the uke so that the strings pass over it. More contemporary instruments can have offset, dual, or even pictograph sound holes! The sound hole often has a rosette inlayed around it for looks and strength.
Perfling
Fancier instruments are often bound with perfling to give some color contrast to the instrument and create a stronger edge around the top and, sometimes, back. Perfling is often made with a dense wood that handles impacts better than the tonewood used for the soundbox.
Bracing
(Not shown) Thin strips of wood that are glued inside the uke along the top and back. They help strengthen the ukulele and keep the top from warping under the pressure of the strings.
Back
The piece of wood that forms the back of the body. It sits opposite the soundboard and rests against your body as you play.
Often the back is “bookmatched” – cut symmetrical so that a piece of wood lays open like butterfly wings to display matching grain patterns. It can also be curved outwards for comfort and tone.
Sometimes the back is a different kind of wood than the top. Builders often use a harder wood for the back and sides and a softer wood for the top. For instance, spruce top with rosewood back/sides.
Label
The label is a piece of paper located inside the soundhole that shows info about maker, model, date, serial number, etc.
Sides
The pieces of wood that make up the sides of the ukulele’s body. They hold the shape of the instrument and give it depth.
The sides are usually the same wood as the back.
Kerfing
These perforated lengths of wood known as “kerfs” are bent along the inside of the sides to create a larger attachment surface area for the top and back. It also helps make the instrument more sturdy.
Sound Port
A new-age sound hole that is put on the upper bout of the ukulele near the player’s face to allow for better monitoring and create a less “trapped” sound.
Pickup Jack
The pickup jack is located on the bottom of a uke on the side. This is where you plug in an instrument cable to amplify the ukulele. It often doubles as a strap button.
Bridge
The bridge is how the strings of the ukulele are connected to the top. It transfers string vibrations to the body. It’s glued on and put under lots of tension making it the most common failure-point of an instrument.
- Standard bridge – the string goes through a hole in the bridge and then is tied into a special knot.
- Slot bridge – a stop-knot is tied in the string and then slid into a slot in the bridge.
- String-through bridge – just like the name, the strings go into a hole in the bridge, through the top, and come out inside the ukulele. Then you tie a stop knot to hold the string from pulling back through the hole.
Saddle
The saddle sits on top of the bridge and holds the strings above the fretboard. It’s removable for action adjustments.
The Neck of the Ukulele
The neck of the ukulele is the piece of wood that suspends the headstock, tuners, fretboard, and frets in a manner that allows the players’ hand to go around it and fret notes on the strings.
The heel is the deepest part of the neck where it joins the body. The heel usually curves out from the normal path of the neck to end flush with the back of the instrument. The heel is usually where a strap button is attached. It’s used to fasten a strap to the ukulele. One goes on the heel of the neck and one goes on the opposite side of the body where it can be mounted on the tailblock.
Fretboard
The fretboard is the piece of wood glued onto the top of the neck that holds the frets in place. It’s usually made from ebony or rosewood to contrast the body.
Frets
Frets are little strips of metal that are placed in slots on the fretboard. When you finger a note the fret makes the vibrating length of the string shorter so that the pitch is raised up a certain amount. An ukulele can have anywhere from 12 to around 19 frets.
Fret dots/markers
These little dots or inlays are made out of plastic, abalone, or other materials and give you an idea of where you are at when you are playing. Usually markers go on the 5th, 7th, 10th, and 12th frets. Sometimes they are placed on the side of the neck so you don’t have to look over at the fretboard.
Headstock
The end of the neck that holds the machine heads in place. You usually find the brand logo on the headstock.
- Standard – where the tuning pegs poke upwards through a flat headstock (like the Kamaka in the first picture).
- Slotted – where the strings come to rest in a slot and the tuning pegs point sideways into the headstock (like the Moore Bettah above).
Tuners/Pegheads/Keys/Machine Heads
Four of these adjust the pitch of each string. A knob turns to control the note the string is tuned to.
Nut
The nut holds the strings of the ukulele at a proper hight over the fretboard and creates the break angle necessary to hold the strings down once they leave the tuning peg. It also ensures they are spaced correctly.